*** MOM DATA IS AVAILABLE FROM PERIOD 24 SEP 2014 TO 23 SEP 2020 ONLY FOR REGISTERED USERS. ***

Welcome to Mars Orbiter Mission Data Archive

MARS orbiter mission is carrying instruments with well-defined scientific objectives. The orbit considered for the Mars mission is 500km x 80,000km around Mars. Choice of such a highly elliptical orbit is facilitating both localized observations with higher spatial resolution as well as observations with large coverage and high radiometric and temporal resolutions. From the apogee the full Martian disc can be imaged even with a sensor having moderate field of view (FOV) and any target on mars can be continuously observed for more than ten hours providing large integration times that allow detection of very faint signals.

Mars Orbiter Mission science data processing activities include, transforming telemetry data comprising both primary and ancillary into different levels of science data products processed for radiometry and geometry aspects following established universal standards to incorporate all acquisition, calibration information, processing context details to be archived for long term use.

PDS DATA OBJECTS

Instrument	Description	PDS Data Object	DATA TYPE
MCC	Mars color camera (MCC) is a CMOS image sensor of 2K×2K area array providing color images of Mars.	BINARY IMAGE	RAW	RAD
TIS	A Thermal Infrared grating spectrometer (TIS) Makes use of an un-cooled micro-bolometer array as the detector. Suitable for moderate to coarse spatial and spectral resolutions.	BINARY QUBE	RAW	RAD
MSM	Methane Sensor for Mars (MSM) is a differential radiometer based on Fabry‐Perot Etalon filters which measures reflected solar radiance in two channels in the SWIR spectral region.	ASCII TABLE	RAW	RAD
MENCA	Mars Exospheric Neutral Composition Analyzer (MENCA) for in-situ measurement of neutral composition and distribution of the Martian exosphere.	ASCII ARRAY	RAW
LAP	Measurement of “Deuterium/Hydrogen Ratio” in the Martian upper atmosphere. Works on the principle of “Resonant Scattering and at Lyman-a wavelengths corresponding to H and D. Resonant Absorption” at Martian upper atmosphere.	ASCII SPREADSHEET	RAW	RAD

For MCC, MSM, LAP and TIS both RAW data and RAD data available.
For MENCA only RAW data available.

The ground segment for planetary missions comprises four major elements, namely Deep Space Network (DSN), Spacecraft Control Center (SCC), Indian Space Science Data Center (ISSDC) and Payload Operations Centre (POC). The ground segment is responsible for making the data available for the scientists along with auxiliary information, in addition to storage of payload, spacecraft data and product to identified users.

Science and housekeeping telemetry arrives at the ISSDC in form of telemetry packets. Within the ISSDC the raw science data is transformed into Level-0 data product that is uncalibrated in PDS compatible files. Spacecraft transmits data both primary (instrument data) and auxiliary (house keeping data) in a manner through onboard hardware and received using identified specialized ground systems known as Payload Data Acquisition System (PACQ) . If the primary data or science data is compressed onboard for reducing data rates,then it is decompressed in ground processing. Both primary and ancillary data is placed to the storage identified at data archive centre ISSDC.

LEVELS OF DATA SETS

Type	Description	CODMAC Level
Raw Data	Telemetry data with instrument data embedded. Edited Data Split or decommutated into a data set for a given instrument. Sometimes called Experimental Data Record. Data are also tagged with time and location of acquisition.	2
Calibrated Data	Edited data that are still in units produced by instrument, but that have been corrected so that values are expressed in or are proportional to some physical unit such as radiance. No resampling, so edited data can be reconstructed.	3

PDS_VERSION_ID     = PDS3                                                     
RECORD_TYPE        = STREAM                                                   
OBJECT             = TEXT                                                     
PUBLICATION_DATE   = 2018-09-24                                               
NOTE               = "AAREADME.TXT describes the dataset."                    
END_OBJECT         = TEXT                                                     
END                                                                           
                                                                              
Mars Obiter Mission (MOM) - Mars Colour Camera (MCC) Data Archive             
==================================================================            
1. Introduction                                                               
==================================================================            
The main objectives of the Mars Orbiter Mission                               
(MOM) are technological in nature pertaining to the                           
development of technologies required for design,                              
planning, management and operations of an                                     
interplanetary mission, besides the scientific                                
objectives listed below:                                                      
- Exploration of Mars surface features, morphology,                           
mineralogy and Martian atmosphere by indigenous                               
scientific instruments.                                                       
The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) comprises three                                
distinct phases:                                                              
-Earth-centric (Geocentric)   Phase: MOM orbits around Earth                  
- Sun-centric    (Heliocentric) Phase: MOM orbits around the Sun              
- Mars-centric (Aerocentric)  Phase: MOM orbits around Mars                   
                                                                              
The transition from Earth-centric Phase to Sun-centric                        
Phase happened by Trans Mars Injection (TMI) and from                         
Sun-centric Phase to Mars-centric Phase by Mars Orbit                         
Insertion (MOI) paving way for Indian exploration of                          
planet Mars.                                                                  
                                                                              
The average accuracy of orbit information provided can vary in 1-50 km range. 
                                                                              
Read MISSION.CAT for further details for understanding image acquisition      
details with varying spacecraft altitudes.                                    
                                                                              
Mars Orbiter Mission carries five payloads viz., Mars                         
Color Camera (MCC), Methane sensor for Mars (MSM),                            
Thermal Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (TIS), Mars                             
Exospheric Neutral Composition Analyzer (MENCA)                               
and Lyman Alpha Photometer (LAP). Two out of the                              
five payloads, MCC and MSM are imaging payloads                               
and the other 3 are science payloads. The key                                 
parameters considered for imaging is the sun                                  
illumination and imaging altitude or position in the                          
orbit, since the orbit proposed is a highly elliptical one                    
with the altitude variation of 72,000 km at the apoareion                     
to 370 km at the peri-areion.                                                 
                                                                              
MCC, MSM and TIS: MCC, MSM and TIS are                                        
mounted with the bore-sight along the spacecraft                              
body yaw axis. They are operated with the spacecraft                          
yaw pointing towards the center of MARS.                                      
                                                                              
MCC is a 4 megapixel digital camera that employs a                            
RGB Bayer pattern detector to record images in the                            
visible region (0.4 micrometer to 0.7 micrometer)                             
of the spectrum. MCC is meant for returning visual                            
images of Mars and its environs, monitor dynamic                              
Martian phenomenon like dust storms and dust devils                           
and to provide context information to all other                               
payloads on the Mars orbiter. The expected spatial                            
resolution is better than 20m from its closest                                
approach (known as Periareion) of nearly 370km                                
to Mars whereas from the farthest point                                       
(known as Apoareion)of 80,000km from Mars, MCC                                
images will have a resolution of 4km.                                         
                                                                              
These data sets belong to  Mars Phases. The MCC products  archived            
on this volume are the exact products released by the MOM Project.            
                                                                              
Supporting documentation and label files conform to the Planetary             
Data Systems (PDS) Standards Reference, August 2003, Version 3.6,             
JPL D-7669,Part 2.                                                            
                                                                              
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2. VOLUME FORMATS                                                             
==================================================                            
This is an electronic edition of data set and hence compatible with a large   
variety of computer systems.                                                  
                                                                              
==================================================                            
3. File FORMATS                                                               
==================================================                            
                                                                              
3.1 FILE EXTENSIONS                                                           
                                                                              
Files on this volume are named according to PDS standards, where the 1-3      
characters after the period indicate the file type. The file types used       
on this volume are:                                                           
                                                                              
Binary files:                                                                 
Binary data files                     *.IMG,*.QUB                             
SPICE ephemeris files                 *.BSP                                   
Adobe Acrobat documentation files     *.PDF                                   
Postscript documentation files        *.PS                                    
Microsoft Word Document               *.DOC                                   
                                                                              
ASCII text files:                     *.TXT                                   
PDS labels                            *.LBL                                   
ASCII tables and indices              *.TAB                                   
Spreadsheet                           *.CSV                                   
PDS catalog files                           *.CAT                             
Text documentation files             *.TXT                                    
Source code files                            *.C, *.H, *.FOR, *.INC,          
*.CPP, *.JAVA                                                                 
Software build scripts                      *.COM, *.MAK, *.DEF               
SPICE kernels                                   *.TLS, *.TPC, *.TSC, *.BC     
SPICE transfer ephemeris files                  *.XSP                         
Other files (for documentation only)        *.LOG, *.OUT                      
                                                                              
3.2 PDS LABELS                                                                
                                                                              
Every file in this data set is described by an associated PDS label.          
Most files are described by a detached label, which has the same name         
as the corresponding file but an extension ".LBL". Most text files            
(*.TXT, *.CAT) have attached labels.                                          
                                                                              
In some cases, all or most of the files in a given directory share a          
single, abbreviated "combined-detached" label.  In this case, the name        
of the file is the name of the enclosing directory, with extension ".LBL".    
                                                                              
See the PDS Standards Reference (JPL D-7669) for a complete description of    
the PDS label format. This document can also be found online at               
http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/stdref/                                               
                                                                              
3.3 ASCII TEXT FILES                                                          
                                                                              
Different popular operating systems use different standards for how ASCII     
text files are formatted. On Unix systems, lines are terminated by a >LF<     
(linefeed character, control-J, ASCII 10). On Macintosh computers, lines      
are terminated by a >CR< (carriage return character, control-M, ASCII 13).    
On PCs, lines are terminated by a >CR<>LF< pair. PDS standards require all    
text files to use >CR<>LF< line termination. If the PDS label indicates       
INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = ASCII or RECORD_TYPE = STREAM, then this line            
termination is in use.                                                        
                                                                              
On occasion, users on Unix and Macintosh computers may need to change the     
line termination on some text files before they can use them. This can be     
handled via text editors or a variety of utilities. For example, the Unix     
tr (translate) command can be used to change carriage returns to blanks:      
                                                                              
tr "\015" " " >oldfile.txt <newfile.txt                                       
                                                                              
Some ASCII tables indicate RECORD_TYPE = FIXED_LENGTH and include an          
additional parameter RECORD_BYTES, which indicates the length in bytes        
of each record in the file.  It should be noted that all ASCII files still    
include the >CR<>LF< line terminators, and these two bytes are included in    
the byte count. For this reason, it is unwise to convert the line terminator  
to a single character (>LF< on Unix or >CR< on Macintosh) because this can    
change the  number of bytes per record and invalidate the label.              
In these situations, it is recommended that the line terminator be replaced   
by a space plus >LF< or a space plus >CR< instead.                            
                                                                              
3.4 BINARY FORMATS                                                            
                                                                              
Binary data file formats differ among hardware platforms. Most binary files   
are provided in these formats:                                                
                                                                              
IEEE: For Sun, SGI and Macintosh platforms. Integers appear with most         
significant byte first; floating-point numbers appear in IEEE format.         
                                                                              
PC: For PC platforms. Integers appear with least significant byte first;      
floating-point numbers appear in byte-reversed IEEE format.                   
                                                                              
========================================================================      
4. Volume Set Information                                                     
========================================================================      
                                                                              
The MOM-MCC volume set (MCC_1XXX) includes the following volumes:             
                                                                              
Volume ID.         Contents                                                   
-----------------  -----------------------------------------------------      
MR1MCC_1001  MARS ORBITER MISSION MCC raw data. This volume                   
contains MCC data at Mars over the interval                                   
2014-09-24 (09-Sep) to 2018-07-02 (02-July).                                   
                                                                              
=================================================                             
5. Volume Contents                                                            
=================================================                             
                                                                              
Directory Structure and Contents for MCC EDR Data Archive Volume              
                                                                              
The files on this Volume are organized starting at the root or                
'parent' directory. Below the parent directory is a directory                 
tree containing data, documentation, and index files. In the table            
below directory names are indicated by brackets (<...>), upper-case           
letters indicate an actual directory or file name, and lower-case             
letters indicate the general form of a set of directory or file               
names.The content of the volume is expected to be updated with re-run of the  
Mars Orbiter Mission Data Products Generation System updated                  
SPICE Kernels and PDS Label Structure.                                        
                                                                              
DIRECTORY/FILE          CONTENTS                                              
-------------------     ------------------------------------------            
                                                                              
<root>            This is the top-level directory of the data volume.         
|                 root = MR1ORB-M-MCC-2-MPO-EDR-RAW-DATA-V1.0 (Data           
|                 Set Id)                                                     
|                                                                             
|-AAREADME.TXT   This file (ASCII Text) General Information file.             
|                It provides users with information about the                 
|                Mars Orbiter Mission - MCC Raw data products. Directs user to
|                other documents on the volume containing more                
|                detailed information.                                        
|                                                                             
|-VOLDESC.CAT    A description of the contents of this                        
|                volume in a format readable by                               
|                both humans and computers.                                   
|                                                                             
|-<CATALOG>         Catalog Directory                                         
|  |                                                                          
|  |-CATINFO.TXT    Describes Contents of the Catalog directory               
|  |                                                                          
|  |-DATASET.CAT    Mars Orbiter Mission - MCC EDR Raw Data description       
|  |                                                                          
|  |-INSTHOST.CAT   Mars Orbiter Mission Spacecraft description               
|  |                                                                          
|  |-MISSION.CAT    Mars Orbiter Mission Mission description                  
|  |                                                                          
|  |-PERSON.CAT     Contributors to Mars Orbiter Mission - MCC EDR Raw Data   
|  |                                                                          
|  |-REF.CAT        References for Mars Orbiter Mission - MCC EDR Raw Data    
|  |                                                                          
|  |-SOFTWARE.CAT   Mars Orbiter Mission PDS Viewer Software description      
|  |                                                                          
|                                                                             
|-<DOCUMENT>     Documentation Directory. The files in this                   
|  |             directory provide detailed information                       
|  |             regarding the Mars Orbiter Mission - MCC Raw Data Processing.
|  |                                                                          
|  |-DOCINFO.TXT        Description of files in the DOCUMENT                  
|  |                    directory.                                            
|  |                                                                          
|  |-EAICD.PDF          EAICD for MCC.                                        
|  |                                                                          
|  |                                                                          
|  |-EAICD.LBL          PDS Label file describing the EAICD                   
|  |                    document for MCC                                      
|  |                                                                          
|                                                                             
|-<INDEX>               Directory for the image index files.                  
|  |                                                                          
|  |-INDXINFO.TXT       Description of files in <INDEX> directory.            
|  |                                                                          
|  |-INDEX.TAB          Index table.                                          
|  |                                                                          
|  |-INDEX.LBL          PDS label for INDEX.TAB.                              
|  |                                                                          
|                                                                             
|                                                                             
|-<DATA>                Data directory contains the EDR data products.        
|  |                                                                          
|  |-<YYYYMM>  The subdirectory containing the                                
|    |                       year and month wise data products                
|    |                                                                        
|    |-<PPP_MTC_TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT_P_STN.FFF>                                 
|    |  Data filenames where;                                                 
|    |  PPP denote instrument name.                                           
|    |   = MCC                                                                
|    |M denote mission phase. it can be one of the following                  
|    |   = E  (refers to the EBP - EARTH BOUND PHASE)                         
|    |   = C  (refers to the CEM - CRUISE ENROUTE MARS)                       
|    |   = M (refers to the MOP - MARS ORBITAL PHASE)                         
|    |T denotes the data type                                                 
|    |    = E (it denotes an Experiment Data Record (EDR) as defined in       
|    |        the PDS standard (AD2). It will be used for raw data coming from
|    |        the instrument)                                                 
|    |C denotes the imaging mode/camera_id.                                   
|    |   = B (It denotes the Bayer Pattern)                                   
|    | TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT denotes start time in UTC                           
|    | P denotes the PDS Data Products categories.                            
|    |   = D (It denotes data products under DATA directory)                  
|    | STN denotes the station id from which data was acquired.               
|    | It value can be any of the following:                                  
|    |  = D32 (ISSDC Bangalore)                                               
|    |  = D18 (ISSDC Bangalore)                                               
|    |  = GDS (Gold Stone USA)                                                
|    | FFF denotes the standard file type extension. It can have any one of   
|    | the following values:                                                  
|    |  = IMG (PDS Image Data File)                                           
|    |  = LBL (PDS Detached Label File)                                       
|                                                                             
|-<EXTRAS> EXTRAS Directory tree containing                                   
|  |      orbit attitude file, orbit attitude header and                      
|  |      payload apid file.                                                  
|  |      The directory structure below the <EXTRAS>                          
|  |      directory is identical to the Data directory                        
|  |      structure at the <root> level.                                      
|  |      File naming convention is defined below.                            
|  |                                                                          
|  |-EXTRINFO.TXT       Description of <EXTRAS> content.                      
|  |                                                                          
|  |-<YYYYMM>  The subdirectory containing the                                
|    |                       year and month wise data products                
|    | -<PPP_MTC_TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT_P_STN.FFF>                                
|    |  PPP = (Same as Data directory description above)                      
|    |  M     = (Same as Data directory description above)                    
|    |  T     = (Same as Data directory description above)                    
|    |  C     = (Same as Data directory description above)                    
|    |  TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT = (Same as Data directory description above)       
|    |  P          = (Same as Data directory description above)               
|    |  STN    = (Same as Data directory description above)                   
|    |  FFF     = OAT (orbit attitude file)                                   
|    |              = OATH (orbit attitude header file)                       
|    |              = pldapidflag (payload APID file)                         
|                                                                             
|-<SOFTWARE> Software Directory                                               
|  |         This contains the software for displaying data                   
|  |                                                                          
|  |                                                                          
|  |-SOFTINFO.TXT  Description of files in the SOFTWARE                       
|  |               directory.                                                 
|  |                                                                          
|  |-MR1PDSVIEWER.ZIP  Mars-1 PDS Viewer for MCC.                             
|  |                                                                          
|  |                                                                          
|  |-MR1PDSVIEWER.LBL  PDS Detached Label file describing SOFT.ZIP.           
|                                                                             
|                                                                             
========================================================================      
6. Contacts                                                                   
========================================================================      
                                                                              
For questions concerning these science data, contact:                         
                                                                              
Dr. Ashutosh Arya and Mr. S.Manthira Moorthi                                  
Space Applications Centre (ISRO)                                              
Ahmedabad-380015                                                              
Gujarat, INDIA                                                                
Electronic mails:    arya_as@sac.isro.gov.in  and smmoorthi@sac.isro.gov.in   
Phone:079-26914107/4194                                                       
                                                                              
========================================================================      
7. Cognizant Persons                                                          
========================================================================      
                                                                              
The data files and data set documentation were provided by  Ajay Prashar      
(ajay_prashar@sac.isro.gov.in) SIPA/Space Applications Centre - ISRO,         
Ahmedabad-380015  including ancillary documentation and prepared the archive  
in PDS-compatible  format.                                                    
                                                                              
A list of personnel in the Mars Orbiter Mission - MCC team that were involved 
in the production of this volume is given in /CATALOG/PERSON.CAT              
                                                                              
The ISDA, assume no legal liability for errors on this dataset. All users are 
encouraged to verify the 'correctness' of the data prior to submitting any    
publications or other work based on these data.                               
                                                                              
========================================================================      
8. Mission SPICE Information                                                  
========================================================================      
                                                                              
The SPICE ancillary data files, produced by software provided by              
the ISRO Flight Dynamics Team (ISAC/FDG) and used for the derivation          
of the geometry parameters, were the best available at the time the           
dataset was produced.                                                         
                                                                              
The Current data set has been processed with the                              
SPICE files (obtained from mission) for every data segment                    
which are as follows:-                                                        
                                                                              
8.1 For Spacecraft and Planet Ephemeris (SPK) kernels,                        
8.2 For Pointing (CK) kernels ck kernels                                      
8.3 For Spacecraft clock correlation (SCLK) kernel                            
=========================================================================